The Bear Brook Watershed in Maine: Multi-decadal whole-watershed experimental acidification     

Kaizad F. Patel  Ivan J. Fernandez  Sarah J. Nelson  Stephen A. Norton  Cheryl J. Spencer 《水文研究》2021,35(5):e14147

The Bear Brook Watershed in Maine (BBWM) is a long-term research site established to study the response of forest ecosystem function to environmental disturbances of chronic acidic deposition and ecosystem nitrogen enrichment. Starting in 1989, the West Bear (treated) watershed received bimonthly applications of ammonium sulfate [(NH₄)₂SO₄] fertilizer from above the canopy, whereas East Bear (reference) received ambient deposition. The treatments were stopped in 2016, marking the beginning of the recovery phase. Research at the site has focused on soils, streams, and vegetation. Here, we describe data collected over three decades at the BBWM—input and stream output nutrient fluxes, quantitative soil pits and soil chemistry, and soil temperature and moisture.  相似文献   

珠江口淇澳岛滨海湿地沉积环境演化及其对人类活动的响应   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

叶翔  李靖  王爱军 《海洋学报》2018,40(7):79-89

滨海湿地作为人类活动和全球变化反应最为敏感的区域，其沉积记录可以反映出周边地区环境变化及人类活动信息。珠江口淇澳岛滨海湿地钻孔分析结果表明，在中全新世期间淇澳岛附近海域为河口湾环境，在风化层以上开始出现淤积，但在4 200 a BP前后受极冷气候的影响，沉积物粗化；自2 500 a BP以来，沉积环境相对稳定，在小冰期期间略有变化。沉积速率计算结果显示:淇澳岛附近海域自中全新世高海面以来的平均沉积速率为0.29 cm/a，4 160~2 500 a BP、2 500 a BP-1488年、1488-1893年、1893-1986年、1990-2007年期间的平均沉积速率分别为:0.17 cm/a、0.23 cm/a、0.35 cm/a、1.37 cm/a和5.94 cm/a，沉积速率逐渐增大，反映了珠江三角洲演化过程中沉积相与沉积环境的变化；1986-1990年期间的海堤建造极大地扰动了该钻孔上部的沉积过程，在工程施工期间共沉积了厚度约112 cm的沉积层，而在海堤建成后，沉积速率也显著增大。沉积物总有机碳、总氮和C/N值的垂向分布表明，在4 160~2 500 a BP期间受海洋环境影响较大，沉积物中有机碳以海源为主，2 500 a BP以来沉积物中碳、氮含量明显增大，C/N也相应变大，有机碳主要来源于陆源输入，但在小冰期期间海源有机碳贡献略有所增大；近百年来由于受人类活动影响显著，陆源有机碳的贡献快速增加。  相似文献   

Application of Grain Size Analysis to Study Sedimentary Environment of Sand Dune in the Vicinity of Tumen River     

Feng Ma  Li Liu  Lin Cao 《东北亚地学研究》2003,(1)

The dunes in estuary of Tumen River in China lie to the area between the Jiushaping and Fangchuan in the left bank of Tumen River (Fig.1). The dis-tance is about 15～20 km between the dunes and the coast. It ranges from China to D. P. R. Korea and Russia. The range of the height of dunes is about 15～20 m and the width is 100～200 m. By the re-connaissance, we protracted 9 section planes of the dunes and collected 40 sand samples of the dunes, and identified the sedimentary environment …  相似文献   

Ocean-floor hydrothermal metamorphism in the Limousin ophiolites (western French Massif Central): evidence of a rare preserved Variscan oceanic marker     

J. BERGER  O. FEMENIAS  J. C. C. MERCIER  D. DEMAIFFE 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》2005,23(9):795-812

The Limousin ophiolite is located at the suture zone between two major thrust sheets in the western French Massif Central. This ophiolitic section comprises mantle‐harzburgite, mantle‐dunite, wehrlites, troctolites and layered gabbros. It has recorded a static metamorphic event transforming the gabbros into undeformed amphibolites and the magmatic ultramafites into serpentinites and/or pargasite‐bearing chloritites. With various thermobarometric methods, it is possible to show that the different varieties of amphibole have registered low‐P (c. 0.2 GPa) conditions with temperature ranging from high‐T, late‐magmatic conditions to greenschist–zeolite metamorphic facies. The abundance of undeformed metamorphic rocks (which is typical of the lower oceanic crust), the occurrence of Ca–Al (–Mg) metasomatism illustrated by the growth of Ca–Al silicates in veins or replacing the primary magmatic minerals, the P–T conditions of the metamorphism and the numerous similarities with oceanic crustal rocks from Ocean Drilling Program and worldwide ophiolites are the main arguments for an ocean‐floor hydrothermal metamorphism in the vicinity of a palaeo‐ridge. Among the West‐European Variscan ophiolites, the Limousin ophiolites constitute an extremely rare occurrence that has not been involved in any HP (subduction‐related) or MP (orogenic) metamorphism as observed in other ophiolite occurrences (i.e. France, Spain and Germany).  相似文献   

The range of effects of azimuthal isotropy and EDA anisotropy in sedimentary basins   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Philip Wild  Stuart Crampin 《Geophysical Journal International》1991,107(3):513-529

  相似文献   

凤太矿田层控铅锌(铜)矿床的成矿物质来源探讨     

隗合明  吕仁生 《地球科学与环境学报》1990,(1)

秦岭凤太矿田层控铅锌(铜)矿床的金属物质、硫和成矿溶液主要来自深部基底的岩石,属海底喷流—沉积成因矿床。从这一理论认识出发可进一步分析控矿地质条件及今后在该区有效地寻找同类矿床。  相似文献   

广西芒场锡多金属矿田稳定同位素组成对矿床成因探讨     

邹锡青  王思源 《南方国土资源》1993,(2)

笔者曾对广西芒场锡多金属矿田的稳定同位素进行研究。本文根据硫、铅、氢、氧、碳等稳定同位素组成和锶的初始值提供的信息.探讨了矿床成因。并结合矿田矿床地质特征、控矿条件及有关统计参数,参考前人对矿床认识的基础上,修正提出了该矿田混合热液成矿模式,可供类似矿床研究和找矿的参考。  相似文献   

右江复合盆地的沉积特征及其构造演化     

曾允孚  刘文均  陈洪德  郑荣才  张锦泉  李孝全  蒋廷操 《南方国土资源》1992,(4)

位于华南褶皱带南缘的右江盆地,其发展可分为两个不同的阶段。它的轮廓和结构,与NW向及NE向同沉积断裂关系密切。盆地内的沉积物,分别由特征不同的非补偿性和补偿性沉积相组成两个双层结构。盆地内火山活动发育,也明显的分为两个阶段。海西期,古特提斯洋的发展使哀牢山洋盆开裂,导致了右江地区在拉张应力条件下出现若干NW向裂陷带,这时的盆地具有大陆边缘裂谷特点。东吴运动后开始的印支期,区域应力条件发生变化。滨大平洋构造的发生,使盆地轮廓和结构发生明显变化,与此同时开始的哀牢山洋盆向NE方向的俯冲消减作用,使盆地在新的挤压条件下再次发生张裂和拗陷。进入了弧后盆地发展阶段。印支期末,盆地封闭。  相似文献   

沉积物粒度分析在厦门市第四纪环境研究和地层划分对比中的应用   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

张璞  陈建强  田明中  朱金芳  黄宗林  江春亮 《地球科学与环境学报》2005,27(1):88-94

采用MS2000型激光粒度分析仪进行测试，利用计算机粒度分析软件对数据进行整理和计算，绘制出样品的频率曲线、概率累积曲线以及粒度众数位值曲线等图件并进行沉积环境分析。厦门地区第四纪环境演化经历了中更新世同安组(含泥中粗砂、含泥细中砂、砂为主)海积一冲积一更新统上部龙海组(含泥粗中砂、含泥细中砂、含泥粗砂、粗砂、细中砂、含细砾中粗砂、中细砂等)冲积一洪冲积一更新世上部东山组(砂、砂砾、含泥中粗砂、粗砂、泥质中细砂、细砂、中粗砂等)冲洪积及部分海积(粉砂、细粉砂、含碳质泥、粘土、淤泥质粘土、粉砂质粘土等)一全新世长乐组(粉砂，淤泥质粘土、粉砂质粘土、碳质粘土、含砂淤泥质粘土，粉砂质亚粘土、粉细砂亚粘土等)海湾沉积。在解释环境变化的同时，说明粒度变化曲线在一定程度上可以作为地层划分的依据之一，并以此对研究区地层进行了详细划分。  相似文献   

Brine-pool deposition for the Zn–Pb–Cu massive sulphide deposits of the Bathurst mining camp, New Brunswick, Canada. II. Ocean anoxia during mineralisation     

Mike Solomon   《Ore Geology Reviews》2008,33(3-4):352-360

Current models of massive sulphide ore genesis in the Bathurst mining camp, New Brunswick, involve settling of sulphide particles from a stagnating, low-salinity hydrothermal plume spreading laterally in an anoxic ocean layer with minimal sulphate content. There is fragmentary evidence of ocean anoxia in the form of local fine lamination in the shales that host some of the deposits but the total organic carbon, S, Fe, U/Th, Ni/Co, V/Ni and V/Cr relationships indicate deposition under oxic or dysoxic conditions. Vanadium and Mn values range from oxic to anoxic and sulphate-reducing to non-sulphate reducing but Mn may be anomalously low due to derivation by erosion of acidic volcanic rocks. The somewhat equivocal physical and chemical data, combined with the likely disturbing effects of penecontemporaneous volcanism, considerably weaken the case for an anoxic bottom layer in a static ocean. The presence of barite with ambient seawater ³⁴S values in Brunswick no. 12 ore, and the abundance of sulphate in modern euxinic basin waters, make a sulphate-free layer unlikely, even if anoxic. Sulphate-bearing, low-salinity fluids mixing with seawater would lead to growth of barite-bearing chimneys and baritic rubble mounds, which are not observed. A model involving brine-pool deposition better explains the major features of the Bathurst ores.  相似文献